Class 11 English Education and Humanity Complete Exercise

1. Find the words from the text which mean the following:
   1. a messenger or representative, especially one on a diplomatic mission - Envoy
   2. the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect - Dignity
   3. harm done to someone in response to harm - Revenge
   4. a person who holds extreme views in political or religious matters - Extremist
   5. sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others - Compassion
   6. a person who is believed to speak for God - Prophet
   7. the study of the nature of knowledge, reality, and existence - Philosophy
   8. the use of physical force so as to injure, abuse, damage, or destroy - Violence
   9. an unreasonable dislike of a particular group of people or things - Prejudice


2. Match the words on the left with their opposite meanings on the right.
   a. Honour - iv. Disgrace
   b. Innocent - iii. Guilty
   c. Brutality - i. Kindness
   d. Forgiveness - v. Punishment
   e. Illiteracy - ii. Literacy


3. Using Dictionary
   
   1. Study the dictionary entry above and answer these questions.
      
      1. What is the headword in the first entry?
         Ans: The headword in the first entry is "humanity."
      2. How many meanings of the word 'humanity' are given?
         Ans: There are four meanings of the word "humanity" given.
      3. What do the abbreviations U, OPP, pl, and sth stand for?
         Ans: U: Uncountable
         OPP: Opposite
         pl: Plural
         sth: something
      4. What is the British English spelling of 'humanize'?
         Ans: The British English spelling of ‘humanize’ is "humanise."
      5. How is the word ‘humanize’ pronounced?
         Ans: The word ‘humanize’ is pronounced as /ˈhjuːmənaɪz/.
      6. If we say "Every person should have the sense of humanity," which meaning of ‘humanity’ is applied?
         Ans: The meaning of ‘humanity’ applied here is the quality of being kind to people and animals by making sure that they do not suffer more than is necessary; the quality of being humane.
   
   
   2. Arrange the following words in alphabetical order:
      
      1. • acute
         • advance
         • aid
         • allergy
         • amuse
         • analysis
         • anxiety
         • agreement
         • assure
         • attain
      
      
      2. • smashed
         • smearing
         • small
         • smallpox
         • smart
         • smelling
         • smoke
         • smoothly
         • smuggler
         • speaking
      
      
      3. • terminal
         • terminate
         • terminology
         • terms
         • terrace
         • terrible
         • terribly
         • territory
         • terror
         • termite
      
      
   
   
   3. Make a list of five new words from the reading text. Using a dictionary, write their meanings and use the words in sentences of your own.
      
      1. Extremist
         
         • Meaning: A person who holds extreme or fanatical political or religious views.
         • Sentence: The extremist group was responsible for the violent attacks in the city.
      
      
      2. Compassion
         
         • Meaning: Sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others.
         • Sentence: Her compassion for the homeless led her to volunteer at the shelter every weekend.
      
      
      3. Injustice
         
         • Meaning: Lack of fairness or justice.
         • Sentence: The protest was against the social injustice faced by the minority community.
      
      
      4. Ignorance
         
         • Meaning: Lack of knowledge or information.
         • Sentence: His ignorance about climate change was evident in his outdated arguments.
      
      
      5. Philosophy
         
         • Meaning: The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence.
         • Sentence: She studied philosophy to better understand the different ways people perceive the world.
   
   

Answer the following questions:

1. Why did the speaker receive thousands of good-wishes cards and gifts from all over the world?
   Ans: The speaker, Malala, received thousands of good-wishes cards and gifts from all over the world because people were showing her love and support after she was shot by the Taliban and was recovering.


2. According to the speaker, what are hundreds of human rights activists and social workers struggling for?
   Ans: According to the speaker, hundreds of human rights activists and social workers are struggling for education, peace, and equality.


3. What has she learnt from Gandhi?
   Ans: She has learned the philosophy of non-violence from Gandhi, which means she believes in resolving conflicts peacefully without using violence.


4. In what sense is peace necessary for education?
   Ans: Peace is necessary for education because, without peace, conflicts and wars prevent children from going to school and getting an education.


5. According to the speaker, what are the main problems faced by both men and women?
   Ans: The main problems faced by both men and women, according to the speaker, include poverty, ignorance, injustice, racism, and the deprivation of basic rights.


6. What is Malala calling upon all governments?
   Ans: Malala is calling upon all governments to ensure free and compulsory education for every child, fight against terrorism and violence, and protect children from harm.


7. What is the main message of this speech?
   Ans: The main message of this speech is that education is the most powerful tool to change the world, and everyone should have the right to education. Malala emphasizes the importance of standing together to fight against illiteracy, poverty, and violence.

1. All children have the right to quality education. How can we ensure this right to every child? Discuss the role of the government and the parents to make sure that every child can attend school.
   Ans: To ensure every child has the right to quality education requires effort from both government and parents
   
   1. Government's Role:
      The government should provide free and compulsory education for all children. This includes building schools in rural and urban areas, hiring qualified teachers, and providing resources like books and learning materials. The government should also enforce laws that prevent child labor and ensure that every child is enrolled in school. Additionally, scholarships and financial aid should be provided for children from low-income families.
   
   
   2. Parent's Role:
      Parents play a crucial role in ensuring their children attend school. They should value education and encourage their children to learn. Parents should also support their children's studies at home, help with homework, and communicate with teachers to keep track of their children's progress. It's important for parents to ensure that their children are in a safe and supportive environment that promotes learning.
   By working together, the government and parents can make sure that every child receives a quality education and has the opportunity to succeed in life.


2. Do you think that there is still discrimination between sons and daughters in terms of providing education in our country? What strategies do you suggest to overcome such discrimination against girls?
   Ans: Yes, in some places, there is still discrimination between sons and daughters when it comes to education. In certain families, boys are prioritized for education, while girls are expected to stay home and help with household chores or get married early.
   
   So, here are some strategies to overcome this discrimination:
   1. Communities should be educated about the importance of educating girls,
   2. Government can provide financial aids, such as scholarships to families who send their daughter to school,
   3. Legal penalties should be given for families or communities that prevent girls from going to school should be in place,
   4. Successful women who have achieved their goals through education can be promoted,
   5. Local leaders and oraganizations should support and encourage girls education by creating progrms that help girls to stay in school.
   By addressing these issues, we can work towards a society where sons and daughters have equal access to education.


3. A Chinese philosopher Confucius said, “If your plan is for one year, plant rice; if your plan is for ten years, plant trees; if your plan is for one hundred years, educate children.” What is the meaning of this saying? Elaborate this with examples.
   Ans: Confucius' saying means that different goals have different timeframes, and the most lasting and impactful investment we can make is in the education of children.
   
   • Planting rice is a short-term plan. It takes about a year to grow rice, and it provides immediate food, but its impact is temporary.
   • Planting trees is a longer-term plan. Trees take years to grow, but they provide fruits, shade, and wood, which benefits people for many years.
   • Educating children is a long-term investment. Educating children ensures that future generations are knowledgeable, skilled, and capable of making informed decisions. The benefits of education last for a lifetime and can be passed down to future generations.
   Examples
   
   • Short-term: A farmer planting rice for the season will have enough food for the year, but will need to plant again the next year.
   • Long-term: Planting a forest can provide resources for the community for decades. The trees might take years to grow, but they will continue to provide benefits long after the person who planted them is gone.
   • Generational Impact: Educating a child today means that in the future, this child could become a doctor, teacher, or leader, who will contribute positively to society for many years. This child can also educate their own children, continuing the cycle of growth and improvement.
   In summary, Confucius emphasizes that while short-term goals are important, investing in education has the most significant and lasting impact on society.

1. Recall your school days. Write in three paragraphs of an event that you always remember.
   Ans: One event from my school days that I always remember is the day I participated in a school play. It was my first time performing in front of a large audience, and I was both excited and nervous. The play was based on a classic fairy tale, and I was cast as one of the lead characters. My teachers and classmates encouraged me, and we spent weeks rehearsing our lines and perfecting our roles. The anticipation built up as the day of the performance approached, and I could feel the energy in the air.
   
   On the day of the performance, the auditorium was filled with parents, teachers, and students. As I stepped onto the stage, my heart was pounding, but I was determined to give it my best. As the play progressed, I found myself getting into character, and all my nervousness faded away. I could see the smiles on the faces of the audience, and their applause gave me the confidence to keep going. By the end of the play, I felt a sense of accomplishment that I had never experienced before.
   
   After the performance, my teachers and parents praised me for my role, and I was filled with pride. That event taught me the importance of stepping out of my comfort zone and trying new things. It showed me that with practice and determination, I could overcome my fears and achieve something great. To this day, I carry the lessons I learned from that experience with me, and it remains one of my most cherished memories from school.


2. "Education empowers a person". Elaborate this statement giving examples of your personal experience.
   Ans: "Education empowers a person" is a statement that I have found to be true throughout my life. Education provides the knowledge, skills, and confidence needed to face challenges and make informed decisions. In my own experience, education has been a key factor in helping me achieve my goals and navigate the complexities of life.
   
   For instance, when I was a student, I struggled with public speaking. I often felt nervous and unsure of myself when asked to speak in front of others. However, through my education, I was able to develop this skill. I participated in debates, gave presentations, and took part in group discussions. With each experience, I became more confident and articulate. Today, I can speak comfortably in front of large audiences, and this ability has opened up many opportunities for me in my career and personal life.
   
   Education has also empowered me by broadening my perspective. Through learning, I have gained a deeper understanding of different cultures, histories, and viewpoints. This has made me more empathetic and open-minded, allowing me to connect with people from diverse backgrounds. Education has given me the tools to think critically, solve problems, and contribute positively to society. It has truly been the foundation of my personal and professional growth.